Digital portfolio

May 10, 2012

Chris Demecs

1/25 -The Medowlands by Sullivan

2/1 - Desert Solitaire by Abbey

2/22- Environment and Society

 2/29 - Environment & Society by Robbins (Ch. 9-14)

3/7 – Eating Animals by Foer

3/28 – Presented with Raphi Fratkin: Breakfast of Biodiversityby Vandermeer & Perfecto

4/4 - Lawn People by Robbins

Current Environmental News

1/25- Meadowlands Enviro issue

02/01- I’d rather smoke a pack of cigs than breathe india’s air for a day

02/22- The trails of Pollution lead back to many Multinational Corporations

02/29- U.S. funds efforts to turn CO2 emissions into products

Project Postings:

2/21- Recycling Electronic waste

2/29- E-Waste Project Proposal


Lawn People and their Strange Lawns

May 7, 2012

Lawn People is a very enjoyable read written by Paul Robbins. Personally, I think it is a wonder how much the lawn has been shaped by our cultural needs. As a sociology major, I really like how Robbins used all types of data including national surveys, economic data and photographs of birdseye views of lawns without making it really boring.

It is frightening how much effort people put into making their lawns all presentable, especially in the suburbs.

What I find very frightening from reading this book is how many chemicals are used to making the lawns look green, how much time and effort people put into their lawns and more. I was more or less surprised when Robbins’s data showed that a majority of pesticide fanatics are upper class. It makes sense because who else can buy all of these expensive chemicals and who else would care enough about the appearance of their lawns?

I remember when I lived in England and our neighborhood was more concerned about the appearances of their lawns than my current neighborhood in New Jersey. Although we did not have a lawn, we did have tall bushes that acted as bigger, more presentable fences between our house and the houses on each side. I distinctly remember one day when my father and I were preparing to go to the store. Our neighbor came outside and asked my father if he could trim the bushes on our side, all because they were slightly “messier-looking” than their neatly cut bushes.

This is my house in England. If you look on the sides, you can see the taller bushes surrounding my house.

This goes back to what else was discussed in the book. While people might not care so much about their lawns, it is often social pressures and norms that might motivate them to make sure their lawns are perfect compared to their neighbors lawns. This relates to Herbert Marcuse’s argument based on Marxism. To sum it up, Marcuse brings up the concept of the “one-dimensional man” which basically means that people are not so much their own person anymore. In fact, they become extensions of their commodities and it turns into the commodities controlling the people who own them. In this case, the desire for the appearance of lawns motivates owners to spend more money on their lawns because having a nice lawn is desirable. Here is Herbert Marcuse’s argument if you wish to read further: http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/marcuse/works/one-dimensional-man/ch01.htm

Products, such as lawns, give people a sense of identity and despite their knowledge on how their actions affect the environment, they continue to do so. One lawn owner says  “Of course I’m concerned about the environment. Of course there is always a little bit of risk [when using lawn chemicals], but it is small enough that it is not going to stop me.” (102). That is proof that some people value commodities such as nice-looking lawns rather than the environmental issues at hand. Some questions rise: How can people be motivated to stop using unnecessary chemicals and pesticides? Is there ever going to be a time when the social norm of lawn care changes its definition?

I personally believe that the ridiculous norm of making lawns look nice starts with few people just taking normal care of their lawns. I feel like people need to start incorporating environmental practices into lawn care such as composting, sprinkling grass on their lawns to help them grow and weeding. If we convert our ways into more environmental practices, I believe we can stop the use and need of chemicals on our lawns.


Breakfast of Biodiversity, yet no food for some

May 7, 2012

So we all know how much we like to consume food but what we tend to forget is how much that impacts the environment and the biodiversity of the world. Vandermeer and Perfecto both wrote Breakfast of Biodiversity and look at simple ways we can prevent the destruction of rainforests and the rest of the environment.

First of all, rainforests are very fragile because their soil is very poor in nutrition for the vegetation that exists within these forests. Most of the nutrients only exist in the living vegetation and the decaying matter so the soil is not very useful to maintaining the vegetation. In addition to the poor soil, the trees have very shallow roots which means More about how fragile rainforests can be read from this link. http://rainforests.mongabay.com/0502.htm

Cutting down trees in the rainforest. Not very good for sustaining the rainforests.

They insightfully describe the ways in which such disparate factors as the global economy, cultivation, rain forest ecology, and poverty are all contributing factors to the degradation of the rain forest. They also bring up the possibility of combining democracy, cultivation, and land security for the poor and how it can save the environment.

I personally really loved this reading because they examine all of the views and possibilities of saving the environment and how we interact with the environment. In my sociology class, I applied social theories to the reason behind the causes of environmental degradation. In Marxism, the reason why people in the lower class remain in the lower class is because capitalism is designed so the bosses and corporate heads gain more wealth in their wages than the people who work for them. The workers always receive lower wages, just enough to sustain them.

Pyramid of Capitalism, showing that the upper class are always benefited while the lower class remain on the bottom.

The book expresses that hopefully that the international capital and third world poverty can connect because it is the inequality that creates poverty that forces desperate people to ruin the rain forest. While focusing on the environment is very important to solving global problems, it is also important to understand and help the human race for we have the most impact on the environment. There are a few questions that remain. Will we ever live in a world without poverty? What is the best way to bring poverty and the environment together? What if we were to distribute more resources we do not need to people who are in desperate need for them. People in poverty are looking for resources and we seem to have more than we need so why not try something as simple as that to maintain balance of our ecosystems?


Lydia’s Digital Portfolio

May 7, 2012

Readings

Week 1: 1/18 Introduction

Week 2: 1/25 The Meadowlands, Robert Sullivan and Cronon’s Ideas of Wilderness

Week 3: 2/1 Desert Solitaire, Edward Abbey

Week 4: 2/8 Nature, Peter Coates, Chapters 1-5

Presentation Week, Reading was divided between Sarah D’Alexander and I.

Week 5: 2/15 Nature, Peter Coates, Part 2

Week 6: 2/22 Environment and Society, Robbins, et al., Chapters 1-8.

Week 7: 2/29 Environment and Society, Robbins, et al., Chapters 9-14.

Week 8: 3/7 Eating Animals, Jonathan Safran Foer.

Week 9: Spring Break

Week 10: 3/21 How to be Idle, Hodgkinson.

Week 11: 3/28 Breakfast of Biodiversity, Vandermeer and Perfecto

Week 12: 4/4 Lawn People, Robbins

Current Events

Week 2: 1/24 EPA Enforces MATS

Week 3: 1/31 Air Pollution in China

week 4: 2/8 Insurance Companies and Climate Change

Week 5: 2/22 Risk Assessment of Climate Change and the West Coast

Week 6: 2/27  TransCanada News

Week 7: 3/7 Hydrocarbons found in Zooplankton

Week 8: 3/21 Ogallala Aquifer

Week 10: 3/28 New York City’s Waste

Week 11: 4/4 North Korea’s Environment

Project Updates

Project Ideas

Electronic Waste Project Updates

Project Proposal Updates

Project Proposal

More Updates 

Final Update 


How to be Idle=How to be Lazy

May 7, 2012

I read a wonderful book called How to be Idle written by Tom Hodgkinson in which he discusses a variety of different ways of how people are “idle”. In this book, he discusses how people need to slow down in life and just relax because relaxing can be just a productive as working for endless hours. From taking naps, the art of conversation, or holidays, our leisure time can really help us step back from life and gather our thoughts from our busy lives. In fact, sometimes using our imagination can help us be more productive. “Our dreams take us into other worlds, alternative realities that help us make sense of day-to-day realities.” (Hodgkinson)

I personally can relate to the ideas of Tom Hodgkinson because I also believe that while working is very productive, having leisure time can also be  beneficial to our development. I have family in Hawaii so I have visited Hawaii many times and it is one of the most relaxing places for me to go to. It is not the pina coladas, palm trees or beaches that make it the leisure capital of the world, it is the atmosphere and the mellowness of the Hawaiian residents. In Hawaii, it is nice because Hawaiian residents are more engaged and interested in meaningful conversations. I have gathered with my friends and family in Hawaii and had deep conversations on the meaning of life.

My family is enjoying their time in Hawaii because it is their leisure time. Everyone is so relaxed and calm in Hawaii.

On my mission trip this break, I went to Apalachin, NY to help with the flood restoration with people involved in Greek life. In the times we did not work or have discussions, we had leisure time. In that leisure time, we played soccer outside in the parking lot, played card games and took naps. We ended up agreeing that despite all of the flood restoration we had to do, we considered this a vacation because we were able to spend time with one another and escape from all of the college work we had to do.

Us on a hike. This was quite a vacation for all of us, including our faculty advisors.

While Hodgkinson does emphasize the importance of leisure time, he is very specific about how we spend our leisure time and what is involved with our leisure time. For example, eating is a great way to spend our leisure time but only if we eat and enjoy and not simply swallow our food with big bites. Basically in his book, he wants us to not only have leisure time but enjoy it and not think too much about what we need to do after our leisure time is over.

In relation to the course, it can also preserve our environment because by enjoying our leisure time, we use resources at a reasonable yield. This article lines up with what Hodgkinson discusses. http://benefitof.net/benefits-of-leisure-time/ Hawaii, for example, has one of the most sustainable environments in the country because the residents spend more time in leisure and actually enjoy their leisure time. Because of that leisure time, their social relationships are strong, health is great and their environment remains preserved. We could all learn from the people of Hawaii about how to spend our leisure time and why it is important for us.


Powerful Project Updates

May 7, 2012

Hey everyone,

So as many of you know, I am working on restoring the Delaware Run and River. Based on the feedback from the class and Professor Krygier, here is what I have put together for my project.

1. Clean up the trash along the area of the Delaware Run and River. I already finished this step with the Environmental & Wildlife Club.

2. Do a land assessment or evaluation of the Delaware Run and a water assessment of the River. I plan on going to the area tomorrow to observe the area and take pictures and fill out my assessment.

3. Reach out to a city official about plans for the Delaware Run and River. I just got his name from my friend and I plan on working with Professor Krygier to reach out to him.

These are the main plans I have so far for my project and I will see where it goes from after I reach out to him.

Amanda


Hydrocarbons Found in Zooplankton Near Deepwater Horizon Spill Site

April 3, 2012

International Business Times reports that “Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Contaminated Ocean’s Food Chain, Study Finds.” A study detected hydrocarbons in zooplankton in the northern Gulf of Mexico. These zooplankton, are at the bottom of the foodchain in the Ocean, so scientists are eager to find out if toxic levels of carcinogens have been absorbed by larger organisms as well. There is much more to be studied on this topic such as how long these compounds will continue to be found in the zooplankton, the effects on organisms consuming zooplankton, as well as the effect the hydrocarbons make on phytoplankton.

Zooplankton picture from Wikipedia.com

 


Eating Animals

March 7, 2012

The theme and the issue Foer presented in the book “Eating Animals” is not a new issue and I have read a book similar to this in my Food class but what makes this book apart from other books is that he added personalities to it. He tells us stories to make it more interesting even though sometimes he can be subjective but full with facts.  There’s many issues discussed in this book connecting to public health, environmental costs, culture, myths, and our eating habits. The reason for him to start writing this book was his son was about to be born and he was curious about the food industry and what will he be feeding him? Foer decided to visit the factory and famer during the night to find out more about the industry. This make me think about Sullivan from the Meadowlands.

Chapter 1: Throughout high school and college Foer himself struggle with being a vegetarian. He was on and of from being a vegetarian until now he’s a vegetarian he and his wife share the same values and morals. But sometimes they have their cheat they meaning that they will eat steak if they feel like it. I respect people who are vegetarian more and more because they are the people who are aware of the issues and decide to do something about it. Why we eat what we eat? It’s their choice. The book started with how he was taught to eat everything and anything in order to survive but there was a part where his grandmother refused to eat pork because it’s not kosher even though it will help her survive. This quote sum up the book pretty well “If nothing matters, there’s nothing to save” it appears both in the beginning and in the end of the book.

Chapter 2: He talked about how everyone’s eating habit is different and what is acceptable in each social norm. How it is acceptable to eat dogs in other parts of the world but not here in the United States. Dog meat is used as medicines in countries such as China and Korea. There are 13 to 16 million dogs consumer each year. I find it hard to believe and shocking that more and more people are eating dogs. What’s next? Cats? I don’t know how I feel about this. Foer also talked about Tuna how there are many diseases in these fishes and how many animals are killed in order to catch the tunas. Especially when they are the most eaten fish in the US. Foer said that 21,000 animals is the number a single person will eat in their life time. When I see the number I was in shock. Lately I have been trying to eat meat only in one of my meal per day I can feel that my body is fresher.

Chapter 3: Foer discusses many terms and concept to help us understand the ideas and concepts better. Which is a good thing since I have no idea what anthropocentrism, anthropodenial, etc means. He also talked about chicken cage and factory as well as the organization PETA. I watched a documentary of how the organic and free range chicken farms killed the chicken it even though it is cleaner with no antibiotic this still disturb me. I stopped eating chicken for a week. We need to try and raise awareness with this issue.

Chapter 4: Foer seek around to gather his research information but I think it is hard to gather all the information since more of the companies and factory owners denied the interview for example Monsanto. “If I misuse a corporation’s logo, I could potentially be put in jail; if a corporation abuses a billion birds, the law will protect not the birds, but the corporation’s right to do what it wants” (93).

Chapter 5: Talked about the epidemics that animals carry such as SARS from chicken or mad cow disease. Factory farms influence our health in one way or another.

Chapter 6: The facts in this chapter are very scary. How they use artificial insemination to get 90% of their pigs. Pig farm produces 7.2 million pounds of pig manure per year, 344 million for cows, and 6.6 million for chickens. The waste is then dumped into lagoons that can cause quicksand.

Chapter 7: This chapter he discussed in more details about the factory farms he visited. Foer have respect for some of them. Niman ranch made a robust improvement even though his own board kicked him out cause Bill the owner wants to improve his factory farm ethnics. Even Bill Niman said he wouldn’t be eating beef from the Niman Ranch.

Chapter 8: Thanksgiving –  Foer talks about where and how the turkey on our table comes from. Turkey throats are slits to help them spare painful death? Where’s the logic in that?

Questions

What is your reason for eating animals?

Will you ever eat dogs? Is it still acceptable to eat homeless dogs or sick dogs?

What do you guys think about PETA?

How will the facts behind factory farm change you?

Do we care about where our food comes from?

We are what we eat?

 


Good idea or bad idea?

March 7, 2012

“New York Seeks Waste to Energy Proposals,” a blog in The New York Times by Mireya Navarro, says that New York City is looking to find alternative energy in New York City’s waste. The Mayor announced on Tuesday that the city is looking for efficient technologies that transform trash into heat and electricity. Several European and Asian countries already have similar technologies in place. Although, this seems like generally a good idea as it sounds like these converting technologies are better than doing nothing at all with waste produced by the city, it is not entirely a very environmentally friendly proposal.

To begin with, environmentalists claim that this only incentivizes and allows for the status quo or continuance of consumption and wastefulness. Environmentalists in the city claim that the city should first be looking to reduce waste and promote recycling as opposed to promoting waste production. The director of the New York City Environmental Justice Alliance also adds that these existing technologies operate in countries where their recycling percentages are near 40%, while New York City, wishes to apply these technologies to a mere 15% current recycling rate.

The New York City government claims that these technologies would be in addition to other waste adverting programs the city plans to put into place. The main goal of these projects however is to divert the amount of waste delivered to landfills.

In situations like these, the right answer is never obvious to me. It appears as if adverting landfill waste would be a good idea, however, what are the implications of these conversion technologies? Also, it is a good point that New York should not be exonerating the immense amount of waste that is already produced by the city, and that conservation of energy and resources is always the best policy.

Article Link: http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/03/06/new-york-solicits-waste-to-energy-proposals/?ref=earth

Other countries such as Denmark, have acquired waste to energy technologies. Here is how those technologies work:

http://www.nytimes.com/imagepages/2010/04/13/science/earth/13trash.html?ref=earth


Eating Animals

March 4, 2012

Foer highlights the differences between previous generations and now. We have gone from taking what one can afford or get and appreciating it to a culture of mass consumption where people are plump.

Humans are dependent on food for life, and our lives are centered around food often. At birth, babies breastfeed very soon after being born, and so begins our reliance on food.

How we feel about killing our food is a social construction. Some cultures eat dogs but not horses, or horses but not dogs. What has made our culture okay with how we hook and torture fish, but we would never think of doing such things to dogs?

Why is this meal “wrong” to eat just because it is dog?

Is there a balance between consuming so much meat for low cost and raising them humanely. Must we sacrifice one for the other, or can we strike a compromise?

As a consumer, I had no idea that animal agriculture had a 40% larger impact on the environment than transportation does. I hear all the time about how we should drive more fuel efficient cars, but never how I should eat less meat. We do choose on some scale to ignore the facts though. I did know that the meat industry was cruel and meat is not nearly as sustainable as other foods, but I have not let it affect how I eat.

Some chose to look at animals as stupid, and therefore okay to kill. There are an incredible number of ways in which animals have proven to be intelligent, and we even anthropomorphize them, yet still kill them readily.

While people perceive organic as being a positive, it does nothing to ensure the animals were treated humanely and while some factories are kosher, there have been grave atrocities committed at them before. I also find it extremely interesting that “fresh” is defined by the USDA as being between 26 and 40 degrees, so it can be frozen, and there is no amount of time that determines “freshness”.

Domestication of animals was once mutually beneficial. Animals were protected and fed, even though they were raised to be eaten themselves. However, their needs were appropriately taken care of.

“Enslaving a group of humans is acceptable if the posed alternative were nonexistence”.

The way animals have been modified to be eaten they often have broken bones and move. Their purpose in life ceases to be anything greater than to be one day eaten.

The conditions in the factory farms are not just bad for the animals, but for the workers also. The factories often hire people who aren’t in the position to complain, such as immigrants and pay them little.

Map of factory farm density by county

Food policy is designed to obscure, so that instead of making issues clearly expressed, we continue to eat food. The last thing lobbying companies want us to do is eat less.

The accounts from workers in processing factories are gruesome, yet the people have become numb to the killing and proceed anyways.

One farmer takes more of a stewardship or conservation approach to farming pigs. They are brought up with their well beings considered, although they are killed for food in the end. But is makes me think more of trees, where forests are sustainably cut and grown to be cute again. We use the earth’s resources (even animals) but do so with minimally affecting the environment.

The American culture involves food. Foer describes how we can still have all the memories of childhood as vegetarians. Do we need turkeys for it to be Thanksgiving? Can we celebrate and carry on our lives the same while removing meat for the equation? It seems so. Why don’t we then?

Foer says that being vegetarian is not about how the pig feels, since they likely do not feel any different for being spared, but it source of his own moral pride. “If nothing matters, there’s nothing to save”.

The choice between choosing to be cruel to animals & ecological destruction and not eating animals seems a rather easy choice ethically, but very few of us make the second choice.


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